The estrogen alpha receptor gene (ERa), encodes a 65 kDa nuclear protein that mediates molecular events and biological responses during development, reproduction and normal physiology of estrogen responsive tissues. In mice that lack ERa (ERKO), animals survive throughout adulthood but have considerable loss in bone densities. Female ERKO mice develop hypoplastic uteri and hyperemic ovaries with no apparent corpora lutea. Male ERKO mice are infertile and develop atrophy of the testis and seminerferous tubule abnormalities. ERKO mice also have mammary glands develop retarded mammary ducts. These observations suggest that the estrogen receptor is an important intermediary during reproductive organ development.
Korach, K. S., Couse, J.F., Curtis, S.W., Washburn, T.F., Linsey, J., Kimbro, K.S., Eddy, E.M., Migliaccio, S., Snedeker, S.M., Lubahn, D.B., Schomberg, D.W., and Smith, E.P. (1996). Estrogen receptor gene distribution: Molecular characterization and experimental and clinical phenotypes. Rec Prog Hormone Res 51:159-188
Nicholas J Kenney PhD
MD D2-04
Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis
Box 12233
1111 Alexander Drive
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
email kenney1@niehs.nih.gov